Python Basics-4

Operators -

Operator	Description	Example
+, -	Addition, Subtraction	10 -3
*, /, %	Multiplication, Division, Modulo	27 % 7 Result: 6
//	Truncation Division (also known as floordivision or floor division) The result of this division is the integral part of the result, i.e. the fractional part is truncated, if there is any. If both the divident and the divisor are integers, the result will be also an integer. If either the divident or the divisor is a float, the result will be the truncated result as a float.	>>> 10 // 3 3 >>> 10.0 // 3 3.0 >>>
+x, -x	Unary minus and Unary plus (Algebraic signs)	-3
~x	Bitwise negation	~3 - 4 Result: -8
**	Exponentiation	10 ** 3 Result: 1000
or, and, not	Boolean Or, Boolean And, Boolean Not	(a or b) and c
in	"Element of"	1 in [3, 2, 1]
<, <=, >, >=, !=, ==	The usual comparison operators	2 <= 3
|, &, ^	Bitwise Or, Bitwise And, Bitwise XOR	6 ^ 3
<<, >>	Shift Operators	6 << 3

Important Operators – Before starting with Data Types ,it is necessary to under stand a Couple of Operators used in Python.

Member ship operators – The Membership operators are the ones that check whether a String or Number is available in a Data Type or any other Type. This “IN” operator is one of the most used one as

>>> str1 ="i have a Lazy Dog"

>>> str1

'i have a Lazy Dog'

>>> "dog" in str1

False

>>> "Dog" in str1

True

>>> list = [1,2,3,4,5]

>>> '1' in list

False

>>> 2 in list

True

As seen above the “IN” Operator can be used to find if an element exists in a Type

Identity Operators – The Identity operators can be used to check the memory location and tell if both are equal. The “IS” Operator is used to perform the operation of checking. This checks whether the values are same as well are the data types.

>>> i = 10

>>> b = 20

>>> if i is b:

...     print "hai"

... else:

...     print "bye"

...

bye

>>> i = 10

>>> b = 10

>>> if i is b:

...     print "hai"

... else:

...     print "Bye"

...

Hai

There is another Variables called “Not” which can be used to check whether they are not available or not

If not a :

Print “not available”

Docstring -  a Doc String can be considered as a Documentation String that provide a convenient way of associating documentation with python modules , functions , classes and methods. An object's docsting is defined by including a string constant as the first statement in the object's definition.

>>> def myFucntion():

...     """ This is My Sample Function Doc String"""

...     print "this is Sample Function"

...

>>> myFucntion()

this is Sample Function